Photo: C. Fischer

The varroa mite (Varroa destructor) is one of the greatest threats to beekeeping. Originally from Asia, it has spread worldwide in recent decades. These parasitic mites infest bees and their brood, attacking the immune system and increasing susceptibility to viruses and other diseases. The affected colonies are weakened to such an extent that they die without human intervention. To combat varroa, beekeepers mainly use oxalic and formic acid, which, unfortunately, also affect the treated honeybees. Therefore, the field of eco-friendly, natural beekeeping has been searching for less harmful alternatives for years. In addition to a research project on hyperthermia – increased temperatures in the beehive – SAGST is currently supporting a series of trials to investigate the effect of smaller hives.

The association Mellifera is conducting differentiated experiments on the association’s premises at Die Fischermühle in Rosenfeld (southwest Germany). Unlike traditional beehives, which have a volume of 120 to 160 litres, the experimental hives only have a capacity of 45 litres. Initial observations indicate that the increased swarming activity of the bee colonies caused by the cramped space and the associated brood pauses counteract the spread of the mites. The two-year project aims to clarify whether this effect can be implemented systematically, reducing the use of chemical agents. “Unfortunately, even in natural beekeeping, acids have been used increasingly for years to contain the varroa infestation”, explains SAGST project manager Markus Kleikemper. “If it is confirmed that smaller hives have a positive effect, it would create promising new solutions for beekeepers.”

From the project workshop: An insight into the current research at the Fischermühle